The chemical composition of coke is characterized by a mass fraction of various elements in organic matter and the content of mineral impurity. As for indicators of the chemical composition of coke (content of volatiles, ashes, sulfur, metals and water), during the processing and transportation they practically do not change. The most important of them by consideration of regularities of oxidizing regeneration are the chemical composition of coke, its structure and dispersion and also distribution of deposits on a catalyst granule. At the same time the chemical composition of coke - ashes content has an impact on results of domain melting; a bigger value has sulfur content, and in some cases phosphorus. Usually coke has the following chemical composition of 82 - 88% of solid (nonvolatile) carbon, 10 - 15% of ashes, 0.5 - 1.8% are gray. The chemical composition of coke depends by nature coals. Coke has sufficient porosity (to 50%) and good combustibility. Heat of combustion is equal to 27.2 - 31.4 MDzh/kg. It is possible to carry to the main scopes of coke: 1. cast iron smelting (domain coke) - as high-quality smokeless fuel, reducer of iron ore, baking powder of burdening materials. Domain coke has to have the sizes of pieces not less than 25 — 40 mm at the limited maintenance of pieces less than 25 mm (no more than 3%) and no more than 80 mm. Such sizes of pieces are connected with the fact that the blast furnace is the furnace of mine type in which there is a countercurrent of flue gases and burdening material. If pieces of coke are less required they will be is taken out from the furnace together with flue gases.2. in foundry production (foundry coke) - as vagranochny toplivoliteyny coke by the sizes of pieces is larger than domain; the product at which there are pieces less than 60 — 80 mm is most suitable. The main difference of foundry coke from domain — the small maintenance of S which should not exceed 1% (in domain coke to 2%).3. the chemical and ferroalloy industry (special types of coke) In the industry of ferroalloys use small coke (for example, fraction 10 — 25 mm), at the same time unlike domain and foundry productions prefer to apply a product with big reactionary ability.4. for the household purposes (household coke). Household coke is applied to satisfaction of domestic needs, in particular heating. Requirements for durability to household coke less rigid, than to domain and foundry. In all the productions given above the best raw materials — the strongest low-ash and low-sulphurous coke which contains a small amount of small fractions. Now world production of coal coke is about 500 million tons per year.
In 2017 27,960 thousand tons of coke metallurgical of coal were manufactured in Russia that there is 6.2% above than the output of previous year. Production of coke metallurgical of coal in September, 2018 decreased by-1.4% to the level of September of last year and was 2,246.7 thousand tons. In January-September, 2018 7,356 thousand tons of coke metallurgical of coal were shipped. This indicator for-6.1%, or on-478 thousand tons is lower, than for the same period of previous year. During 2015-2018 the average prices of producers for the Russian consumers on coke metallurgical of coal grew by 76%, from 8,345.0 rub/tons to 14,685.3 rub/tons. The volume of import of coal coke on the Russian market in 2017 grew in comparison with previous year by 32,296 (44%) up to 105,161.3 tons that in value terms made 42,498.1 thousand dollars. The main share of the imported products in 2017 on the Russian market of coal coke (in tons) is delivered by Poland (70.3%). About 20.3% of the delivered goods are the share of production manufactured in Ukraine. The volume of the Russian export of coal coke in 2017 grew in comparison with previous year by 659,102 (29%) up to 2,919,623.8 tons that in value terms made 592,301.6 thousand dollars. The main volume of coal coke, in kind, exported from the Russian Federation in 2017 is delivered to the following countries: Ukraine 941,533 tons, Kazakhstan 871,256 tons, India 168,743 tons and Turkey 127,786 tons.